my grammar record

Teens are seen as irresponsible. (passive)

Some people see teens as irresponsible. (active)

If they are given a chance … (passive)

If we gave them a chance … (active)

If they had been given a chance … (passive)

If we had given them a chance … (active)

If they were given a chance … (passive)

If we gave them a chance … (active)

They have been considered as adult but … (passive)

We have considered them as adult but … (active)

Decisions should be taken. (passive)

We should take decisions. (active)

Verbs with 2 objects

They will give us permission. (active)

Permission will be given to us. (passive)

We will be given permission. (passive)

Why use passive voice?

- Important information in the beginning.

- To be impersonal.

- The performer of the action is GENERAL/OBVIUOS or UNIMPORTANT.

The past simple is used:
- when you talk about an action which happened in the past and is now finished.
- if you know exactly when the action occurred, especially if the sentence has a time expression related to the past such as last year.

The present perfect is used:
- when you mention an action that is unfinished and continues up to the present.
- if the action happened in a(n) indefinite time.

- Normally used before a noun, pronoun, or gerund, to express a relationship between onde person/event, etc. and another.

e.g: expert in, involved in, expert on, relief from, angry at, surprised at, angry with, involved with, famous for, reason for, limit of, aware of, angry about, curious about, etc

Zero Conditional
- Used for habitual actions or accepted facts;
- It is created by if/when + two clauses with the same tense in each clause

First Conditional
- If + present tense, then future tense

- Examples: I will eat popcorn if I go to the cinema.
If you fall, I won’t be able to catch you!
If it rains, we’re going to get wet.

Second Conditional
- If + past tense, then present conditional

- Examples: If I spoke french, I would go to Paris.

I wouldn’t touch that if I were you.
If you fell, you would hurt yourself.

Third Conditional
- If + past perfect, then past conditional

- Examples: If you had not eaten all those sweets, you wouldn’t have got tummy ache.
If John had studied more, he would have got better marks.
If you had saved some money, you wouldn’t be so hard up.

Addition:
- Is used to join words or sentences.
e.g: and, too, besides, as well (as), etc

Correlation/Alternative:
- Is used to describe an alternative or a choice.
e.g: not only…but also…, both…and, either…or/neither…nor, etc

Contrast/Concession:
- Is used to contrast different actions or ideias.
e.g: but, however, while, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc

Cause and effect/Reason and consequence:
- Is used to describe causes and effects or reasons and consequences.
e.g: because, as, since, due to, for, therefore, thus

Condition:
- Is used to express conditions and hypothetical situations.
e.g: if/whether, unless